Arrange events related to the formation of nation-state of Britain

Arrange the following events related to the formation of nation-state of Britain in chronological order:

1. Act of Union between England and Scotland.
2. English Parliament seized power from Monarchy.
3. Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom.
4. Catholic revolt against British dominance.

Options:

1. III - I - II - IV
2. I - II - III - IV
3. IV - I - II - III
4. II - I - IV - III

Answer: D

II - I - IV - III

In Britain the formation of the nation-state was not the result of a sudden upheaval or revolution. It was the result of a long-drawn-out process.

The English parliament, which had seized power from the monarchy in 1688 at the end of a protracted conflict, was the instrument through which a nation-state, with England at its centre, came to be forged. The Act of Union (1707) between England and Scotland that resulted in the formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’ meant, in effect, that England was able to impose its influence on Scotland.

After a failed revolt led by Wolfe Tone and his United Irishmen (1798), Ireland was forcibly incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801.