The most obvious outcome of the reproductive process is the generation of individuals

Heredity (10)

The most obvious outcome of the reproductive process is the generation of individuals of similar design, but in sexual reproduction they may not be exactly alike. The resemblances as well as differences are marked. The rules of heredity determine the process by which traits and characteristics are reliably inherited. Many experiments have been done to study the rules of inheritance. 

  1. Why an offspring of human being is not a true copy of his parents in sexual reproduction ?
  2. While performing experiments on inheritance in plants, what is the difference between F1 and F2 generation ?
  3. Why do we say that variations are useful for the survival of a species over time ? 

Answer

  1.  Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes, which combines to the characters of both parents and cause variation.

ii. 

iii.   

(A) Because if a niche of population of organisms is altered, the whole population could be wiped out. However, if variations are present in this population they have some chance of survival.

Alternate answer

If there is a population of bacteria living in temperate waters and if water temperature were to be increased by global warming, most of the bacteria would die, but a few variants resistant to heat would survive and grow further. Thus, variations are useful for survival of species over time.

Exam Year: 2023